Data Protection

Field	Value
Document ID	ASCEND-SEC-007
Version	1.0.0
Last Updated	December 19, 2025
Author	Ascend Engineering Team
Publisher	OW-KAI Technologies Inc.
Classification	Enterprise Client Documentation
Compliance	SOC 2 CC6.1/CC6.2, PCI-DSS 7.1/8.3, HIPAA 164.312, NIST 800-53 AC-2/SI-4

Reading Time: 8 minutes | Skill Level: Intermediate

Overview

ASCEND implements comprehensive data protection including field-level masking, tokenization for sensitive data, and privacy controls for regulatory compliance (GDPR, CCPA, HIPAA).

Data Protection Layers

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                          DATA PROTECTION LAYERS                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                  |
|   LAYER 1: ACCESS CONTROL                                                        |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|   | - RBAC permissions                                                       |   |
|   | - Multi-tenant isolation                                                 |   |
|   | - API key scoping                                                        |   |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|                                                                                  |
|   LAYER 2: DATA MASKING                                                          |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|   | - PII field masking                                                      |   |
|   | - Role-based field visibility                                           |   |
|   | - Log redaction                                                          |   |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|                                                                                  |
|   LAYER 3: TOKENIZATION                                                          |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|   | - Sensitive value replacement                                           |   |
|   | - Secure token vault                                                     |   |
|   | - Reversible mapping                                                     |   |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|                                                                                  |
|   LAYER 4: ENCRYPTION                                                            |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|   | - AES-256 at rest                                                        |   |
|   | - TLS 1.3 in transit                                                     |   |
|   | - Field-level encryption                                                 |   |
|   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+   |
|                                                                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Data Classification

Classification Levels

Level	Classification	Examples	Protection
1	Public	Documentation, marketing	None
2	Internal	Agent names, action types	Access control
3	Confidential	Business data, analytics	Encryption
4	Restricted	PII, credentials	Encryption + masking
5	Secret	API keys, passwords	Hashing + vault

Automatic Classification

# Risk assessment includes data classification
{
    "pii_weights": {
        "high_sensitivity": 30,    # SSN, health, financial
        "medium_sensitivity": 20,  # Email, phone, address
        "low_sensitivity": 10,     # Name, general PII
        "none": 0                  # Non-PII data
    }
}

Data Masking

Field Masking Rules

Field Type	Masking Pattern	Example
Email	`***@domain.com`	`j***@company.com`
Phone	`*-*-1234`	`*-*-5678`
SSN	`*--1234`	`*--6789`
Credit Card	`**--**-1234`	`**--**-5678`
API Key	`owkai_...****`	`owkai_admin_a1b2...`

Token Masking for Logs

# Source: security/enterprise_security.py:513
def mask_token_for_logging(token: str) -> str:
    """Mask token for safe logging - only show first/last 4 chars."""
    if not token or len(token) < 12:
        return "***"
    return f"{token[:4]}...{token[-4:]}"

# Example: "owkai_admin_a1b2c3d4e5f6" -> "owka...e5f6"

Error Response Sanitization

# Source: security/enterprise_security.py:475
def sanitize_error_response(error: Exception, context: str = "") -> Dict:
    """Sanitize error responses to prevent token/secret leakage."""

    sensitive_patterns = [
        'token', 'jwt', 'bearer', 'password', 'secret', 'key',
        'authorization', 'credential', 'access_token'
    ]

    error_str = str(error).lower()
    contains_sensitive = any(p in error_str for p in sensitive_patterns)

    if contains_sensitive:
        return {
            "error": "authentication_error",
            "message": "An authentication error occurred. Please try again.",
            "code": "AUTH_ERROR"
        }

    return {"error": type(error).__name__, "message": str(error)}

Tokenization

Sensitive Value Tokenization

# Tokenize sensitive values before storage
def tokenize_value(sensitive_value: str, value_type: str) -> str:
    """Replace sensitive value with secure token."""

    # Generate unique token
    token = f"tok_{value_type}_{secrets.token_urlsafe(16)}"

    # Store mapping in secure vault
    vault.store(token, sensitive_value)

    return token

# Example:
# tokenize_value("123-45-6789", "ssn") -> "tok_ssn_a1b2c3d4e5f6"

Detokenization

def detokenize_value(token: str, authorized: bool = False) -> str:
    """Retrieve original value from token (requires authorization)."""

    if not authorized:
        raise PermissionError("Detokenization not authorized")

    return vault.retrieve(token)

Privacy Controls

Right	Implementation
Right to Access	Data export API
Right to Rectification	User data update
Right to Erasure	Data deletion API
Right to Portability	Standard export formats
Right to Object	Processing opt-out

Data Subject Requests

# Export user data (GDPR Article 15)
curl "https://pilot.owkai.app/api/data-rights/export" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <jwt_token>"

Response:

{
  "export_id": "exp_123456",
  "status": "processing",
  "format": "json",
  "estimated_completion": "2025-12-15T11:00:00Z"
}

Data Deletion (Right to Erasure)

curl -X POST "https://pilot.owkai.app/api/data-rights/delete" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <jwt_token>" \
  -d '{
    "confirmation": "DELETE_MY_DATA",
    "retain_audit_logs": true
  }'

Retention Policies

Compliance-Based Retention

# Source: services/immutable_audit_service.py:173
RETENTION_PERIODS = {
    'SOX': 2555,      # 7 years
    'HIPAA': 2190,    # 6 years
    'PCI': 365,       # 1 year
    'GDPR': 2190,     # 6 years
    'CCPA': 1095,     # 3 years
}

Automatic Retention

{
  "compliance_tags": ["SOX", "HIPAA"],
  "retention_until": "2032-12-15T10:30:00Z"
}

Audit Trail Protection

Immutable Logging

# Source: models_audit.py:14
class ImmutableAuditLog(Base):
    """WORM audit log with hash-chaining."""

    # Immutability and integrity
    content_hash = Column(String(64))   # SHA-256 of content
    previous_hash = Column(String(64))  # Hash of previous entry
    chain_hash = Column(String(64))     # Combined chain hash

    # Evidence and retention
    legal_hold = Column(Boolean)
    retention_until = Column(DateTime)

Legal Hold

# Apply legal hold (prevents deletion)
curl -X PUT "https://pilot.owkai.app/api/audit/logs/12345/legal-hold" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <admin_jwt>" \
  -d '{
    "legal_hold": true,
    "reason": "Litigation hold - Case #2025-001"
  }'

PII Detection

Automatic PII Classification

# PII detection in action parameters
PII_PATTERNS = {
    "ssn": r"\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}",
    "email": r"[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}",
    "phone": r"\d{3}[-.\s]?\d{3}[-.\s]?\d{4}",
    "credit_card": r"\d{4}[-\s]?\d{4}[-\s]?\d{4}[-\s]?\d{4}"
}

def detect_pii(text: str) -> List[str]:
    """Detect PII patterns in text."""
    detected = []
    for pii_type, pattern in PII_PATTERNS.items():
        if re.search(pattern, text):
            detected.append(pii_type)
    return detected

Risk Scoring Impact

# PII detection affects risk score
if "high_pii" in detected_pii:
    risk_score += PII_WEIGHTS["high_sensitivity"]  # +30
elif "medium_pii" in detected_pii:
    risk_score += PII_WEIGHTS["medium_sensitivity"]  # +20

Compliance Mapping

Standard	Requirement	Implementation
GDPR Art. 17	Right to erasure	Data deletion API
GDPR Art. 20	Data portability	Export formats
GDPR Art. 32	Data protection	Encryption + masking
CCPA 1798.105	Right to delete	Deletion workflow
HIPAA 164.312(c)	Integrity	Hash-chaining
PCI-DSS 3.4	Data masking	Field masking

Best Practices

1. Classify Data at Ingestion

# Classify data when received
action.data_classification = classify_data(action.parameters)

2. Mask Logs Automatically

# Always mask sensitive data in logs
logger.info(f"API key used: {mask_token_for_logging(api_key)}")

3. Tokenize Before Storage

# Tokenize PII before database storage
user.ssn = tokenize_value(user.ssn, "ssn")

4. Honor Retention Policies

# Apply longest applicable retention
retention_days = max(
    RETENTION_PERIODS.get(tag, 365)
    for tag in compliance_tags
)

Next Steps

Encryption — Encryption details
Multi-Tenancy — Data isolation
Audit Compliance — Compliance audit

Document Version: 1.0.0 | Last Updated: December 2025

Overview​

Data Protection Layers​

Data Classification​

Classification Levels​

Automatic Classification​

Data Masking​

Field Masking Rules​

Token Masking for Logs​

Error Response Sanitization​

Tokenization​

Sensitive Value Tokenization​

Detokenization​

Privacy Controls​

GDPR Compliance​

Data Subject Requests​

Data Deletion (Right to Erasure)​

Retention Policies​

Compliance-Based Retention​

Automatic Retention​

Audit Trail Protection​

Immutable Logging​

Legal Hold​

PII Detection​

Automatic PII Classification​

Risk Scoring Impact​

Compliance Mapping​

Best Practices​

1. Classify Data at Ingestion​

2. Mask Logs Automatically​

3. Tokenize Before Storage​

4. Honor Retention Policies​

Next Steps​